This lesson is part of an ongoing tutorial. The first part is here: How
to open a Text File in VB .NET
Writing to a text file is similar to reading a text file. Again we use System.IO.
This time, instead of using the StreamReader we use the StreamWriter.
The StreamWriter is used to write a stream of text to a file.
Add another Button to the form you’ve been working on. Set the Text
property of the button to “Write to File“. Double click your
new button to open up the coding window. Add the following:
Dim FILE_NAME As String = “C:UsersOwnerDocumentstest2.txt”
If System.IO.File.Exists(FILE_NAME) = True
Then
Dim objWriter As New System.IO.StreamWriter(
FILE_NAME )
objWriter.Write( TextBox1.Text )
objWriter.Close()
MessageBox.Show(“Text written to file”)
Else
MessageBox.Show(“File Does Not Exist”)
End If
Run your programme, and then click your new button.
Unless you have a file called “test2.txt“, you should see
the message box display: “File Does Not Exist.”
Once again, VB insists that the file must exist before it can actually do something
with it. Which is not unreasonable!
Stop your programme and change this line:
Dim FILE_NAME As String = “C:UsersOwnerDocumentstest2.txt”
To this:
Dim FILE_NAME As String = “C:UsersOwnerDocumentstest.txt”
In other words, just change the file name back to test.txt. (Hopefully, you
haven’t deleted the test.txt file from your hard drive!)
Run your programme again. Type something into the textbox, and then click your
button. You should see the message box “Text written to file” appear.
But notice that if you open up the text file itself, any text you had previously
will be gone – it has been overwritten, rather than appended to. (We’ll see
how to append text to a file shortly.)
Let’s have a look at the code we wrote, though.
Once again, we check to see if the File Exists. If it’s True that the file
exists, then the first line that gets executed is setting up our variable:
Dim objWriter As New System.IO.StreamWriter(FILE_NAME)
It’s almost the same as last time. Only two things
have changed: we created a new variable name, objWriter, and we’re now
using StreamWriter instead of StreamReader. Everything else is
the same.
To write the text to our file, we’ve used this:
objWriter.Write( TextBox1.Text )
After the name of our variable (objWriter), we typed a full stop. The drop
down box appeared showing available properties and methods. The “Write”
method was chosen from the list. In between round brackets, you put what it
is you want VB to write to your text file. In our case, this was the text in
Textbox1. You can also do this:
objWriter.Write( “Your Text Here” )
The above uses direct text surrounded by double quotes. This is also acceptable:
Dim TheText As String = “Your Text Here”
objWriter.Write( TheText )
This time, we’ve put the text inside of a variable. The name of the variable
is then typed inside of the round brackets of “Write”.
But you don’t have to write the whole text at once. You can write line by line.
In which case, select WriteLine from the available properties and methods.
Here’s an example of how to use WriteLine:
Dim FILE_NAME As String = “C:UsersOwnerDocumentstest.txt”
Dim i As Integer
Dim aryText(4) As String
aryText(0) = “Mary WriteLine”
aryText(1) = “Had”
aryText(2) = “A”
aryText(3) = “Little”
aryText(4) = “One”
Dim objWriter As New System.IO.StreamWriter(
FILE_NAME )
For i = 0 To 4
objWriter.WriteLine( aryText(i) )
Next
objWriter.Close()
The error checking code has been left out here. But notice the new way to write
text to the file:
objWriter.WriteLine( aryText(i) )
We’re looping round and writing the contents of an array. Each line of text
from the array gets written to our text file. But each line is appended. That
is, the text file doesn’t get erased after each line has been written. All the
lines from the array will be written to the text file. However, if you were
to run the code a second time then the contents of the file are erased before
the new WriteLine() springs into action. In other words, you’d only get
one version of “Mary WriteLine had a little one” instead of two.
In the next part we’ll see how to add text to a file that already contains
text – called appending to a file.
Learn how to Append Text to a File with VB .NET –>
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